Survival in the Wilderness: Essential Tips for Staying Safe in Australia’s Rugged Mountains

The recent story of a hiker surviving 13 harrowing days in Kosciuszko National Park captivated Australians and served as a stark reminder of the unforgiving nature of the wilderness. Surviving in such conditions demands preparation, resilience, and knowledge. Bush survival expert Gordon Dedman, best known for his role on Alone Australia, offers a wealth of advice to ensure adventurers are ready for anything the great outdoors might throw at them.

Dedman, founder of Bushcraft Survival Australia, stresses the importance of being prepared before stepping into nature’s domain. His approach revolves around the PLAN acronym: Protection, Location, Acquisition, and Navigation.

Protection: Clothing and Shelter Are Key

“The first line of defence is what you wear,” Dedman explains. Appropriate clothing protects against extreme temperatures, sunburn, insect bites, and injuries. Layering is essential—avoid sweating, which can lead to rapid cooling in cold conditions. In a survival scenario, moisture-wicking base layers and protective outerwear can make the difference between comfort and danger.

Shelter, too, is a priority. Multi-functional items like a military-style poncho or emergency blanket can serve as makeshift shelters, protect against rain and wind, or even collect water. These lightweight tools are vital when time and resources are limited, saving adventurers from the labour-intensive process of building a natural shelter.

Location: Signalling for Help

A personal locator beacon (PLB) can be a lifesaver, especially in remote areas. Devices like the Garmin InReach not only provide accurate GPS locations but also allow communication with rescue services. For those without high-tech solutions, brightly coloured items, such as a bandanna or reflective materials, can be used to signal for help.

Mirrors, such as those built into a sighting compass, are another effective way to attract attention, particularly in sunny conditions. Knowing how to use simple tools to make yourself visible can significantly increase the chances of rescue.

Acquisition: Finding Water and Food

While food is a lower priority in short-term survival situations, water is essential. Dedman advises carrying a metal container to boil water, the safest method for making it drinkable. Alternatively, learning to identify natural water sources—like collecting rainwater or locating dew—can be a lifesaving skill.

For food, packing a small emergency ration of high-calorie bars can sustain energy levels until help arrives. Dedman also highlights the importance of basic bushcraft knowledge, such as identifying edible plants or using fishing lines for sustenance if necessary.

Navigation: Avoid Getting Lost

Navigational errors are among the leading causes of survival incidents. Dedman insists that map and compass skills are non-negotiable for anyone venturing into remote areas. A good compass can help maintain direction, while a detailed map ensures awareness of your surroundings. Supplementing these with natural navigation techniques—like using the sun, stars, or environmental cues—adds an extra layer of confidence.

The Right Tools Make All the Difference

Dedman’s survival kit essentials include a reliable cutting tool, such as a fixed-blade knife or multitool, for tasks like carving wood or making fire. A reliable combustion device, whether matches, a lighter, or a ferro rod, is equally critical. Knowing how to prepare tinder and manage fire safely is an invaluable skill in cold conditions.

Other lightweight essentials, such as 15 metres of paracord, a versatile dry bag, and a small first-aid kit, round out the list. These items can be used for repairs, water storage, flotation, or treating injuries.

Lessons from the Kosciuszko Survival Story

The survivor’s ordeal in Kosciuszko National Park highlights the importance of staying calm and resourceful under pressure. While luck undoubtedly played a role, the right preparation and mindset significantly increase the odds of survival. As Dedman notes, “It’s not just about the gear—it’s about knowing how to use it.”

For anyone planning to explore Australia’s wilderness, these lessons are invaluable. The bush is as beautiful as it is unpredictable, and being prepared can mean the difference between a memorable adventure and a life-threatening situation. Always respect the environment, pack wisely, and carry the knowledge to survive.

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